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1.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 77(11): 828-831, Nov. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055183

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The association between memory loss and Hodgkin's lymphoma has been given the eponym of Ophelia syndrome, in memory of Shakespeare's character in The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Nevertheless, there are differences between the disease and the character. Objective: To review the origins and uses of the eponym through an original article by pathologist Ian Carr, its relation to the character Ophelia, and the related autoantibodies. Methods: Historical narrative review. Results: Besides an eloquent description in the original article, Carr presaged the presence of autoantibodies, before they had been thoroughly researched. Since then, five different autoantibodies (mGluR5, Hu, NMDAR, SOX, PCA2) have been associated with Hodgkin's disease. It is interesting to note the divergent outcomes of Shakespeare's character and the patient in the original description by Carr, the latter recovering to lead a normal life, and the former deceased. Conclusions: Although there is little relationship between the fictional character and the syndrome, both imply the unintentional trigger of self-harm (suicide in one case, autoimmunity in the other), thus remaining associated.


RESUMO El síndrome de Ofelia describe la asociación entre pérdida de memoria y enfermedad de Hodgkin, en memoria del personaje de La Tragedia de Hamlet, Príncipe de Dinamarca, de William Shakespeare. Sin embargo, existen diferencias entre ambos. Objetivo: Revisar los orígenes y usos del epónimo a través del artículo original, su relación con el personaje y los autoanticuerpos relacionados. Métodos: Revisión narrativa histórica. Resultados: Además de una descripción elocuente, el artículo original prefigura los autoanticuerpos, cuando no se buscaban de rutina. Desde entonces, cinco distintos (mGluR5, Hu, NMDAR, SOX, PCA2) han sido asociados. Cabe destacar, que el desenlace del personaje y del paciente fueron diametralmente opuestos, el primero falleció y el segundo se recuperó, llevando una vida normal. Conclusiones: A pesar de la poca relación entre el personaje y el síndrome, ambos implican el desencadenamiento no intencional de daño auto-inflingido (suicidio en un caso, autoinmunidad en el otro), manteniendo así la adecuacía.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , History, 20th Century , Hodgkin Disease/immunology , Medicine in Literature , Memory Disorders/immunology , Autoantibodies , Syndrome , Limbic Encephalitis
2.
Gac. méd. Méx ; 155(5): 516-518, Sep.-Oct. 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286553

ABSTRACT

The works of Argentinian scholar Jorge Luis Borges (1899-1986) have captivated physicians. An assiduous reader, he was given, with magnificent irony, "books and the night". Borges suffered from chronic and irreversible blindness, which influenced much of his work and has been the subject of different literary and diagnostic analyses from the ophthalmological point of view. However, the characteristics of his visual impairment have escaped the neurological approach, which is why we reviewed his work looking for data suggesting a concomitant brain injury. On his autobiography, he recounts how, during an episode of septicemia, he suffered hallucinations and loss of speech; in addition, in some poems and essays he describes data that suggest "phantom chromatopsia", a lesion of cortical origin. After that accident, Borges survived with a radical change in literary style. Although a precise diagnosis is impossible, his literary work allows recognizing some elements in favor of concomitant brain involvement.


Subject(s)
History, 20th Century , Poetry as Topic/history , Writing/history , Blindness/history , Famous Persons , Brain Injuries, Traumatic/history , Argentina , Autobiographies as Topic , Blindness/etiology , Brain Injuries, Traumatic/complications
4.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 24(3): 223-229, mayo-jun. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-900521

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivos: Describir la experiencia con el uso del monitor cardiaco implantable determinando: el diagnóstico final encontrado y el tiempo para alcanzarlo, proporción de pacientes con la etiología aclarada y el tratamiento instaurado. Metodología: Estudio observacional retrospectivo. Resultados: Ciento ocho (108) monitores explantados de un total de 150 implantados entre los años 2009 a 2015, fueron analizados. Un diagnóstico electrocardiográfico concordante con el síntoma fue encontrado en el 71,7% de aquellos con síncope, siendo la principal causa la bradicardia sinusal extrema y/o arresto sinusal. El rendimiento diagnóstico para aquellos investigados por palpitaciones recurrentes o sospecha de arritmias supraventriculares o ventriculares fue del 29% siendo la causa más frecuente la fibrilación auricular. Un 50% de los diagnósticos se alcanzaron tras una monitoría entre 12 y 36 meses. El marcapasos fue el tratamiento más frecuente para los pacientes con síncope y la ablación por radiofrecuencia para aquellos con palpitaciones. En cuanto a la seguridad, no se presentaron eventos adversos mayores con el implante del monitor. Conclusiones: El monitor cardiaco implantable mostró un adecuado rendimiento diagnóstico para la identificación de las alteraciones electrocardiográficas en los pacientes con síncope. Es necesario realizar más estudios para dilucidar su papel en el estudio de las palpitaciones.


Abstract Motivation: To describe the experience of the use of an implantable cardiac monitor and analysing the final diagnosis and the time to reach it, the proportion of patients with clear aetiology and existing treatment. Methods: Retrospective observational study. Results: One hundred and eight (108) monitors explanted out of a total of 150 implanted patients between 2009 and 2015 were analysed. An electrocardiographic diagnosis matching the symptom was found in 71.7% of those with syncope, being the main cause for extreme sinus bradicardia and/or sinus arrest. Efficiency of the diagnosis for those investigated due to recurrent palpitations or suspicion of supraventricular or ventricular arrhythmias was of 29%, being the main cause of atrial fibrillation. 50% of the diagnoses were reached after monitorisation between 12 and 36 months. Pacemakers were the most frequent treatment for patients with syncope and radiofrequency ablation for those with palpitations. Regarding security, no major adverse events were found when implanting the monitor. Conclusion: The implantable cardiac monitor showed an adequate efficiency of diagnosis for the identification of electrocardiographic alterations in patients with syncope. More studies are required in order to elucidate its role in the study of palpitations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arrhythmias, Cardiac , Syncope , Diagnosis , Electrophysiology , Telemonitoring
5.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 23(5): 453-453, sep.-oct. 2016. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-959909

ABSTRACT

Resumen La disfunción ventricular izquierda y la cardiopatía dilatada (CD), debidas a la estimulación crónica ventricular derecha son complicaciones reconocidas en adultos y niños. La terapia de la resincronización cardiaca (TRC), ha demostrado beneficios en los adultos con disfunción ventricular izquierda (FEVI < 35%), deterioro de la clase funcional y bloqueo de la rama izquierda (intrínseco o inducido por estimulación). En los niños la incidencia de cardiomiopatía dilatada es desconocida y no existen guías o grandes estudios sobre la resincronización cardiaca, por lo que no es posible extrapolar las recomendaciones de los pacientes adultos. Se presenta la experiencia en una paciente con bloqueo A-V completo postquirúrgico tras corrección de cardiopatía congénita, portadora de un marcapaso quien desarrolló la falla cardiaca, esta fue tratada exitosamente mediante la resincronización biventricular en dos oportunidades, con recuperación de la clase funcional y los parámetros hemodinámicos.


Abstract Left ventricular dysfunction and dilated cardiomyopathy (DC) caused by right ventricular chronic stimulation are recognised complications in adults and children. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has shown benefits in adults with left ventricular dysfunction (LVEF < 35%), deterioration of functional class and left bundle-branch block (instrinsic or induced by stimulation). Incidence of dilated cardiomyopathy in children is unknown, and there are no guides or big studies about cardiac resynchronization therapy, so recommendations for adult patients cannot be extrapolated. The experience of a female patient with a pacemaker and postoperative complete AV block after correction of a congenital heart disease is presented; she developed heart failure that was successfully treated with biventricular resynchronization in two opportunities, with recovery of functional class and hemodynamic parametres.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant , Heart Block , Heart Defects, Congenital , Biological Clocks , Heart Failure
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